Descartes First Three Meditations And Explain How...

In this essay, I will go over Descartes’ first three meditations and explain how Descartes discovers the foundation of knowledge, I will go over his problems with sensory knowledge, I will evaluate his claims, and I will present my objection to them. Descartes is very well known as the father of skepticism, which is very ironic, considering his main goal was to make a fool proof reason to believe in the existence of God. He wanted to make a case so strong, that if any atheist were to read his meditations, they would immediately believe in God. Little did he know, his readings actually caused much more doubt than certainty, and actually moved many people away from Christianity. This is because he uses doubt as the foundation of knowledge. When Descartes begins in his first meditation, he shows doubt in the things that most of us have never even considered to be inaccurate information. For example, he points out the fact that we could very well be asleep at this exact moment. He says that though it may seem like real life, it could easily be the most vivid dream we have ever experienced. After that he goes on to explain that not only may right now be a dream, but everything we have ever conceived to be real life may be a dream as well. He practically says that for all we know, we could have hit our heads and gone into a coma when we were small children and never even realized it. Or maybe we are already dead and we are reliving our lives in a dream. Descartes also makes usShow MoreRelatedEssay on descartes1223 Words   |  5 Pages Descartes ignored all he believed to be true. He believed that if any belief can be doubted it is not certain, making it unusable as a foundation. Descartes jettisons any information, know ledge, or truths that are based on his senses. He applied the â€Å"Dream Argument,† (19) where he stated that based on the senses alone, there is no definite way of proving that you are dreaming or awake. Therefore, any truths based upon the senses are unreliable and doubtful. Descartes turned to why and how his sensesRead More How Descartes Tries to Extricate Himself from the Skeptical Doubts He Has Raised4647 Words   |  19 PagesHow Descartes Tries to Extricate Himself from the Skeptical Doubts He Has Raised [All page references and quotations from the Meditations are taken from the 1995 Everyman edition] In the Meditations, Descartes embarks upon what Bernard Williams has called the project of Pure Enquiry to discover certain, indubitable foundations for knowledge. By subjecting everything to doubt Descartes hoped to discover whatever was immune to it. In order to best understand how and why DescartesRead MoreAn Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding By David Hume Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesPerfect Doesn’t Exist: Genuine Knowledge Means Shift It has been many years, the foundation of all genuine knowledge, whether they are found on experience (empiricism) or they could simply gain from pure reasoning (rationalism) has been the subject of academic debate among scholars. However, we will only focus on the limitation of pure reasoning, compare both David Hume and Rene Descartes’ views of knowledge, and decide whose belief works better to attain genuine knowledge in this paper. In the bookRead MoreRene Descartes and the Source of Knowledge Essay2139 Words   |  9 Pages DESCARTE: SOURCE OF KNOWLEDGE Rene Descartes, a 17th century French philosopher believed that the origin of knowledge comes from within the mind, a single indisputable fact to build on that can be gained through individual reflection. His Discourse on Method (1637) and Meditations (1641) contain his important philosophical theories. Intending to extend mathematical method to all areas of human knowledge, Descartes discarded the authoritarian systems of the scholastic philosophers and began withRead MoreThe Theory Of The Existence Of God2362 Words   |  10 PagesIn, Meditations Three: Concerning God, That he Exists, Rene Descartes uses innate ideas in his attempt to prove the existence of God. The points formed deal with the allegory of the sun and the stone, explain that God is the only perfect being, explain that God is not a deceiver and finally prove the existence of the external world. In relation to Descartes proof of the existence of God one must understand that for Descartes innate means, having a natural notation of an idea within the mind. WhatRead More The Free Will in Meditations on First Philosophy by Descartes3767 Words   |  16 PagesWill in Meditations on First Philosophy by Descartes I In Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes takes the reader through a methodological exercise in philosophical enquiry. After stripping the intellect of all doubtful and false beliefs, he re-examines the nature and structure of being in an attempt to secure a universally valid epistemology free from skepticism. Hoping for the successful reconciliation of science and theology, Descartes works to reconstruct a new foundation of absoluteRead MoreRene Descartes s Philosophy On The Mind3358 Words   |  14 Pages Introduction to Philosophy October 23, 2014 Renà © Descartes Descartes is one of the most influential and well-known philosophers of all time. The idea he is most famous for is his explanation on the mind. Renà © Descartes is often credited with being the â€Å"Father of Modern Philosophy.† This title is justified due both to his break with the traditional Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy prevalent at his time and to his development and promotion of the new, mechanistic sciences. He wasRead MoreProposed Seven Philosophers On The Existence Of God And Their Development Of These Ideas1413 Words   |  6 PagesRound Table Essay I would like to introduce seven philosophers that we have discussed in class and focus on three specifically for my choice topic. The seven philosophers are as follows: (1) Socrates, (2) Plato, (3) Aristotle, (4) Francis Bacon, (5) St. Augustine, (6) Thomas Aquinas, and (7) Rene DesCartes. The specific three I want to focus on being; St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas and Rene Descartes. Lastly, I will proceed to rel ate their ideas on the existence of God and their development of these ideasRead MorePhilosophy 101 Study Guide Essay3857 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿STUDY GUIDE FIRST EXAM PHI 101 When: Thursday, the 26th Day of September, 2013, 3:00pm – 4:15pm Where: The same location our class normally meets What to bring: Your ASU Student ID, for when you hand in your exam An Exam book (blue book or green book) available at the bookstore A Scan-tron form (bubble-in forms) available at the bookstore TWO number 2 pencils for filling in the scantron form A blue or black ink pen (optional – pencil ok), for your exam book. I will not haveRead MoreThe Origins of Modern Science Essay2484 Words   |  10 PagesGalileo Galilei (1564-1642), Rene Descartes (1596-1650), and Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), stand as prime examples of human reason colliding with the ideas of the Catholic Church. Given their continued importance, and the unquestionable impact of these thinkers, we find it important to ask: why were these men and their ideas heretical? The tradition of utilizing human reason to understand both the cosmos and the existence of mankind preceded Galileo, Descartes and Newton. Aristotle (384-322 B.C

The education in Britain and China Free Essays

The Education in Britain and China Abstract: Education plays an important role all over the world. A highly developed nation depends on educated professionals and a skilled workforce. Education is an absolute necessity for economic and social development. We will write a custom essay sample on The education in Britain and China or any similar topic only for you Order Now UK and China, sharing different culture, have two typically different education systems. This essay pays more attention to the diversity of two education systems. Some similarities and differences can be found, which can be classified as the comparison in eastern and western education. Key Words: Education; Britain; China; Introduction: The education system of the I-JK is quite special and has an old history of evolution. It differs from that of China, but there are also some connections and differences between two countries. As for which one is better, it depends. Just as a coin has two sides, both are better than each other in some areas. Body: 1 . Education System Education is a vital concern throughout Britain. The Britain education system is divided into early years, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. While in China the public education is run by the Ministry of Education. All citizens must attend school for at least nine years. The government provides free primary education and secondary education for the teenagers. And there is also pre- school education, higher education and other educations. 1 Pre- school Education Up to age 5, children in Britain may have some pre-schooling in nursery schools, day care or play groups. The government has no obligation to provide such facilities, so many schools are private enterprise arrangement. The condition is similar in China. While the government also provides some financial support for parents in Britain, hat we don’t have in China. Primary School In Britain, primary education is given for the students aging from 5 to 11. In this period, students learn to read and write. It is similar to the educational system in China. 3 Secondary Education In Britain, students from 11 to 16 years old receive secondary education. They follow a general syllabus which leads to the GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). After passing this exam, there is a selection of subjects. Lessons are given together with assignments which need to be completed in order to pass this level. While in China, the aim of three-year middle education is to enter into a better high school. High school is essential for Chinese students to get into a better university. So it is necessary for Chinese students to study hard. 4 Higher Education After further studies in the I-JK, students can accept higher studies. There are about 90 universities, including the Open University, Oxford, and Cambridge, that were established in the 13th Century. Universities are funded indirectly by central government grants. They enjoy complete academic freedom, appoint their own staff, ecide what kind of students to admit, provide their own courses and award their own degrees. Admission is by selection, which is on the basis of A- level results, school reterences and an interview. Older students may quality tor admission through different examinations provided by fundamental courses of further education at colleges. Degrees are awarded after successful continuous work assessment and final examinations. The higher education in China is obviously different from I-JK. In China, it is commonly considered that public universities, especially those national universities are better than private ones, under great nfluence by the Soviet Union’s higher education system. Universities in China generally select their students based on students’ performances in the College Entrance Examinations; the entrance scores required by public universities are typically much higher than those of private ones. 2. Teaching Mode On the whole, we may use â€Å"flexibility’ to describe British mode and â€Å"formality’ to outline Chinese mode. This kind of mode is typical in the universities. In British, there is no fixed text books or bibliography, your texts are in the library and in every aspects of social life related to your specialty. The professor will choose his content of teaching in accordance with the latest trends and requirements of society. Apart from traditional classes and lectures, informal group work, presentation and manual practices also abound, which improve students’ ability to pose new points as well as to analysis and solve practical problems. All of these make them more competitive in the Job market. In contrast, Chinese pattern of teaching is more systematic and rigorous, inheriting the legacy of feudal times. The majesty of teacher prevailing, few disciples dare to defer the supreme authority of their hierophant. This sort of manner ensures the accurate and effective inform of knowledge, while hampers the spirit of innovation. Despite new systems of appraisal of pupils imported from the west, exams still retains its dominant place in evaluating how a student is getting on. That is probably why Chinese â€Å"geniuses† sweep almost all the gold medals of ‘MO, but none manage to get a Nobel Prize in science technology. 3. Conclusion The British school children are not designed for the future to impart certain specialized knowledge, but the key to expand children’s horizons, to develop good abits, for future acceptance of high level education. Children in the classroom learn what they want and how to learn. The class atmosphere is free with no unified regulations or formal syllabus, but with children’s love to move, easy to transfer the characteristics of interest, whenever and wherever possible to replace the teaching content. In addition to simple reading, writing, calculating, music, dancing, painting, and handmade, they also carry out various activities whatever children like. â€Å"Open education† is the biggest characteristic of British school children. This kind of eaching method is used in both group activities and individual activities. A flexible schedule and many self-education materials are used to cultivate children’s independence and creativity. The Chinese education is a little bit different from Britain’s. Children in China are a little more stressed than those in Britain. China’s exam-oriented education is a huge burden for today’s children. Designed to give the students hardly any time to breath, the Chinese education system is adept in teaching the children â€Å"summaries†, also teaching that it’s perfectly acceptable not to uestion the status quo. (A Chinese Teacher’s Perspective: China and the U. S. Education Systems Compared) In conclusion, the differences between Britain and China result from the culture differences. The western education puts emphasis on diversi ty, tree learning atmosphere and the lite principle ot playing, learning and growing. It is something that we lack and need to modestly study. While there is no strict core system in the content of the curriculum, happy growth reduces to follow one’s own inclination. Each has its own merits. All we need to do is that†learn from ach other, take the essence and discard the dregs, and grow together. How to cite The education in Britain and China, Papers

Introduction to Management for Charismatic -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIntroduction to Management for Charismatic Personality. Answer: Introduction: Les Mills is one of the fitness centre situated in Auckland. It has been started in 1968. It covers a huge market share in all over the world. Being one of the leading names in the fitness industry, Les Mills possesses a huge workforce. Phillip Mills, the founder of the organization is known as the pioneer in the fitness world. Along with providing fitness goals to the others, Phillip has set an example as a leader as well (lesmills.com, 2017). The following article has concentrated on the leadership and motivational skills of Philip Mills and his capability to run the organization. Leadership and Management: Leadership is considered as one of the key strength of the business organization. In order to earn the desired position in the industry, an organizations needs to be run by an efficient leader. There are some key traits that need to be preserved by the organizational leaders such as- vision, motivational skills, honesty, charismatic personality, effective communication skills and so on. It helps a person to guide the organization towards the right path (Northouse, 2015). However, there is a difference between the leadership qualities and management qualities. Although, both are crucial part of an organization that influences the growth of the organization, both play different kind of roles in the organizational structure (Tourish, 2014). A manager must have some key capabilities that distinguish it from the leaders, such as- A manager must have the qualities to execute any plan made by leaders of the organization. A manager needs to look after the whole process while the plan is working properly or not (Nahavandi, 2016). If the plan is not working properly, it is managers responsibility to make leaders aware of the fact and modify the structure accordingly. A manager must concentrate on the fact that whether his subordinates are participating actively in the organizational function or not. He must share the organizational objective with the team members to motivate them to perform as a team to earn the desired target. He plays major role in motivating employees and helping them to adopt modern techniques to support the growth of the organization. Leaders often play the role of both leader and manager to operate the business organization. Contingency Theory of Leadership: According to Robert Tannebaum and Richard Schmidt, the founder of Contingency theory, there is no specific style to lead or manage any organization. It is variable and depends on different situation and organizational structure. There are many factors that influence the structure of the organization. It is important for the leaders of the organization to analyse the external and internal environment of the organization while designing their strategy. Thus, their leadership style depends on the internal and external environment of the organization. As opined by Robert and Richard, organization is an open forum and it needs to be handling with care and sincerity. Thus, it is the responsibility of the management to consider all the aspects of the organizational structure to lead the organization towards the right direction (Fairhurst Connaughton, 2014). Case Study Analysis: In this scenario, Phillip Mills has followed the contingency theory of leadership. He consists of all the efficient and leadership qualities that can stimulate the growth of the organization. As per the case study, Phillip maintains a healthy working environment within the organization and he makes sure it for all the other branches of the organization. He has analysed all the aspects of the organization while constructing the structure and strategies of the organization. As Less Mills is a widely expanded organization, it is difficult to maintain coordination between all the branches from all over the world. Thus, he has centralised all the operation of the organization in the Auckland branch. Another efficient and most effective skill of Philip is his motivational skills. He often motivates his employees and clients in a unique manner. In order to achieve the organizational goal, the leader always motivates his employees to concentrate on their key strength. He encourages his employees to participate in the organizational decision making process. Employees are always informed about the team meetings. Philip pays special attention to the performance development of the staff members. He often conducts training sessions for the employees to introduce them with the new and innovative techniques that can stimulate their as well as organizational performance (Goleman, Boyatzis McKee, 2013). Conclusion: Thus, it can be stated after the pervious discussion, that Phillip Mills has used all his efficient traits to manage his organization function. He has left no stone unturned to bring revolution in his organization and that has lead Les mills to become the leading name in the fitness industry. Reference: Fairhurst, G. T., Connaughton, S. L. (2014). Leadership: A communicative perspective.Leadership,10(1), 7-35. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. E., McKee, A. (2013).Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. lesmills.com. (2017).lesmills.com. Retrieved 24 August 2017, from https://www.lesmills.com Nahavandi, A. (2016).The Art and Science of Leadership -Global Edition. Pearson. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Tourish, D. (2014). Leadership, more or less? A processual, communication perspective on the role of agency in leadership theory.Leadership,10(1), 79-98.